5-Amino-1MQ: what it is, what the studies show and where it stands
5-Amino-1MQ (5-amino-1-methylquinolinium) is a small molecule that blocks the enzyme nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT). It is not a peptide.
At a glance
US Not approved
Canada Not authorized
Group Weight loss and metabolic
Sources 11
Checked 10 Oct 2026What is 5-Amino-1MQ?
5-Amino-1MQ (5-amino-1-methylquinolinium) is a small molecule that blocks the enzyme nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT). It is not a peptide. Everything published on it comes from cells, mice and rats. [2]
Other names: 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium, 5A1MQ, 5-AMQ, NNMTi.
How it has been given to people: no human use on record.
Looking for doses? 5-Amino-1MQ dosage chart and vial math
Is 5-Amino-1MQ approved in the US and Canada?
United States: Not FDA approved. Drugs@FDA has no application for it and no clinical trial is registered. [8]
Canada: No product is in the Health Canada Drug Product Database. A product labelled 5-AMINO-IMQ was among unauthorized products Health Canada seized. [10]
Both were checked on 10 Oct 2026 against the regulators' own product databases.
Which approved products contain 5-Amino-1MQ?
No approved medicine containing 5-Amino-1MQ was found in the US or Canada. Anything sold under this name is not a regulated product, so there is no label to check a dose against.
What human studies of 5-Amino-1MQ exist?
The 9 findings listed here: 9 from animal or lab work.
In diet-induced obese mice, an NNMT inhibitor cut body weight and white fat and lowered total cholesterol. The full text names the compound as 5-amino-1MQ. [1]
That mouse study injected 20 mg per kg under the skin three times a day for 11 days, with 9 mice per group. [1]
The same mice ate as much as controls and showed no visible ill effects over the 11 days. [1]
Given once a day for 28 days to obese mice, it limited weight and fat gain in a dose-dependent way and improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. [2]
Added to a switch to a lean diet, it sped up weight and fat loss in obese mice compared with the diet switch alone. [3]
In 24-month-old mice given 5 or 10 mg per kg after a muscle injury, muscle stem cell activity went up. [4]
Aged sedentary mice treated from 22 to 24 months of age had about 40% greater grip strength than untreated sedentary mice. [5]
In rats, 38.4% of a dose given by mouth reached the bloodstream. [6]
In cultured fat cells, NNMT inhibitors raised NAD+ and suppressed fat formation. [1]
What are the side effects of 5-Amino-1MQ?
No side effect data from human studies was found for 5-Amino-1MQ. That is a gap in the research, not a sign that it is safe.
How does 5-Amino-1MQ compare with others in its group?
These are the peptides filed under weight loss and metabolic. The last column says whether a randomized human trial is on record for each.
| Peptide | US | Canada | Half-life | Randomized human trial |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Retatrutide | Not approved, in trials | Not authorized | About 6 days, from a 12-week phase 1b trial of once-weekly dosing in people with type 2 diabetes (72 enrolled). | Yes |
| Tirzepatide | Approved, prescription | Authorized, prescription | About 5 days. | Yes |
| Semaglutide | Approved, prescription | Authorized, prescription | About 1 week. | Yes |
| Cagrilintide | Not approved, in trials | Not authorized | 159 to 195 hours, about 6.6 to 8.1 days, measured in a phase 1b trial where it was given with semaglutide 2.4 mg. | Yes |
| AOD-9604 | Not approved | Not authorized | Not found | Yes |
| 5-Amino-1MQ | Not approved | Not authorized | Not found | No |
| SLU-PP-332 | Not approved | Not authorized | Not found | No |
| HGH Fragment 176-191 | Not approved | Not authorized | Not found | No |
What could not be found
These were searched for and did not turn up. They are listed so a missing number is not mistaken for a hidden one.
- Any human study. PubMed returned no clinical trial for the compound's names, and ClinicalTrials.gov returned no registered study [7].
- A human dose, a human half-life, or human side effects. None exists in the sources found.
- No approved label anywhere, so no official contraindications, interaction list, missed-dose rule or storage instructions.
- The rat half-life is in the [6] abstract but is not quoted, because the abstract prints it with a plus-minus sign.
- The percentage of weight lost in the 11-day mouse study is in the [1] full text but is not quoted, for the same reason.
5-Amino-1MQ questions
Is 5-Amino-1MQ approved in the US?
Not FDA approved. Drugs@FDA has no application for it and no clinical trial is registered.
Is 5-Amino-1MQ authorized in Canada?
No product is in the Health Canada Drug Product Database. A product labelled 5-AMINO-IMQ was among unauthorized products Health Canada seized.
Has 5-Amino-1MQ been tested in a randomized human trial?
No randomized human trial was found. What exists is listed under the studies heading on this page.
Sources
Each one was opened on 10 Oct 2026 and matched to the line it supports.
- Neelakantan H et al. Selective and membrane-permeable small molecule inhibitors of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase reverse high fat diet-induced obesity in mice. Biochem Pharmacol 2018. PubMed 29155147.
- Babula JJ et al. Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase inhibition mitigates obesity-related metabolic dysfunction. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024. PubMed 39161060.
- Sampson CM et al. Combined nicotinamide N-methyltransferase inhibition and reduced-calorie diet normalizes body composition and enhances metabolic benefits in obese mice. Sci Rep 2021. PubMed 33707534.
- Neelakantan H et al. Small molecule nicotinamide N-methyltransferase inhibitor activates senescent muscle stem cells and improves regenerative capacity of aged skeletal muscle. Biochem Pharmacol 2019. PubMed 30753815.
- Dimet-Wiley AL et al. Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase inhibition mimics and boosts exercise-mediated improvements in muscle function in aged mice. Sci Rep 2024. PubMed 38969654.
- Awosemo O et al. Development & validation of LC-MS/MS assay for 5-amino-1-methyl quinolinium in rat plasma: Application to pharmacokinetic and oral bioavailability studies. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021. PubMed 34304009.
- ClinicalTrials.gov searches for 5-amino-1MQ, 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium and NNMT inhibitor (0 matching studies) clinicaltrials.gov.
- Drugs@FDA via openFDA: searches for 5-amino-1MQ and 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium (no match) api.fda.gov.
- Health Canada Drug Product Database: ingredient searches for 5-amino, amino-1 and methylquinolinium (no match) health-products.canada.ca.
- Health Canada public advisory: Unauthorized health products sold online and seized at Rize Fitness may pose serious health risks (2025-12-24) recalls-rappels.canada.ca.
- FDA: Bulk Drug Substances Nominated for Use in Compounding Under Section 503A of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (PDF, updated May 14, 2026) fda.gov.
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5-Amino-1MQ dosageWeight loss and metabolicStatus in Canada
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